4.Ubuntu common editors

4.1Editor

4.1.1、vim

vim is an upgraded version of vi. The most common difference is that it can display some special information of system files in multiple colors.

• Installation command

sudo apt install vim

• Three main modes

Command mode (edit mode): Default mode, move cursor, cut/paste text (interface performance: file name is displayed in the lower left corner or is empty)

Insert mode (input mode): Modify text (interface performance: -INSERT– is displayed in the lower left corner) In insert mode, press the ESC key to return to command mode

Last line mode (extended mode): save, exit, etc. (Interface performance: -VISUAL– displayed in the lower left corner) In last line mode, press the ESC key twice in succession to return to last line mode.

• Mode switch

Switch command mode to edit mode

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i    # Insert mode to enter editing mode
a    #Append mode to enter editing mode
o    # Start editing at the beginning of the next line of the current line
O     # Start editing at the beginning of the line above the current line

Switch command mode to last line mode

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:    # Enter colon 【:】

Switch to command mode from last line mode: press 【esc】

Switch from edit mode to command mode: press 【esc】

Esc: exit to current mode

Esc build Esc build: always return to command mode

• Last line mode

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w            # save
q            #Exit
q!           # Force exit
x            # Save and exit
set nu       #display line number
set          # nonu hide line number
0,$d         # vim deletes the entire contents of the file:
/string      # Search the string string backward from the cursor; press n to locate the next one, and shfit+n to locate the previous one.
g/string      # Retrieve string. Stops the cursor at the beginning of the first retrieved string string.

• Command mode

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yy              # copy
p               # Paste
3yy             # Copy 3 lines
2p              # Paste 2 times
dd              # cut
3dd             # Cut 3 lines
u               # Undo
Ctrl + r        # Undo
dd              # Delete the current line
dG              # Delete the current line to the end of the file
dH              # Delete the current line to the beginning of the file
gg              # Jump to the first line of the current document
G               # Jump to the last line of the current document
^               # Jump to the beginning of the current line
$               # Jump to the end of the current line
h               # Shift one character left
j               # Move down one line
k               # move up one line
l               # Shift one character to the right
PageDown(or Ctrl+F)      # Scroll down one screen
PageUp(or Ctrl+B)        # Scroll up one screen

4.1.2、nano

nano is a text editor for Unix and Unix-like systems, a copy of Pico.

• Install

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sudo apt install nano

New/open file

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nano path + file name
Eg:nano test_nano.txt

Control commands

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Ctrl+v     # Next page
Ctrl+y     # Previous page
Ctrl+w     # Search for a word or phrase
Ctrl+x     # Close the current text, exit nano, and return to the shell
Ctrl+\     # Search and replace
Ctrl+k     # Cut text lines
Ctrl+u     # Paste lines of text
Ctrl+c     # Display the cursor position in the text

4.1.3、gedit

In the editor, we can click the "Open" button to browse the recently opened file list and open the file; click the "Save" button to save the file currently being edited; click the menu bar on the right to perform more operations.

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Ctrl + s        save file
Ctrl + Shift + s      Save as
Ctrl + f       Search text content

The gedit editor must be started when the interface can be displayed, and it cannot be started remotely without an interface such as ssh, jupyter, putty, etc.